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July 05, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

再建

さいけん

restructuring

 

Related words and expressions:

 

再建計画 (さいけん けいかく) restructuring plan

経営再建 (けいえい さいけん) management restructuring

企業再建 (きぎょう さいけん) corporate restructuring

再建を図る (さいけん を はかる) to attempt restructuring

 

Usage Example:

 

GM3月末までに再建計画の合意取りつけは困難か

 

米ゼネラル・モーターズ(NYSE:GM)は、先月政府に提出した大掛かりな再建計画を着実に実施しているが、3月末の期限までに全米自動車労働組合(UAW)や債券保有者から譲歩を引き出すことは難しそうだ。-Nihon Keizai Shimbun

 

Supplemental vocabulary:

 

 

 

June 28, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

条約

じょうやく

treaty

 

The most famous treaty in Japanese history is the 日本国との平和条約 (にほんこく と の へいわじょうやく), or Treaty of Peace with Japan

 

Related words and expressions: 

議定書 (ぎていしょ) protocol

協定 (きょうてい) agreement

平和条約 (へいわ じょうやく) peace treaty

条約を締結する (じょうやく を ていけつ する) to conclude a treaty

条約に調印する (じょうやく に ちょういん する) to sign a treaty

 

 

 

June 23, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

愛国心

あいこくしん

patriotism

 

The more confrontational version of patriotism is referred to as 国粋主義(こくすいしゅぎ)nationalism

Related words and expressions: 

  • 愛国者 (あいこくしゃ)patriot

  • 愛国的な (あいこくてき な)patriotic

 

 

 

 

June 20, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

挨拶する

あいさつ する

to greet

 

The two kanji employed in the Sino-Japanese compound of this word rarely appear in other contexts. Neither kanji belongs to the 1,945 常用Jouyou Kanji. It is acceptable to write this word using only hiragana あいさつ, although the full kanji variant挨拶is used just as frequently.  

Verb type: Sino-Japanese compound. Conjugates like する.

 

 

 

 

June 09, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

甘やかす

あまやかす

to spoil; to coddle

Usage examples:

 

1.) 子供を甘やかす(こども を あまやかす) to spoil one’s children

2.) 自分を甘やかす (じぶん を あまやかす) to spoil oneself 

3.) 一般的には、愛犬を甘やかす人が多いので、内弁慶の犬が多いと見ている。In general, there are a lot of people who spoil their pet dogs, so we see many dogs who are unruly at home.

 

Notes 一般的に(いっぱんてき に)generally / 愛犬(あいけん)pet dog / 内弁慶(うちべんけい) “a lion at home, a mouse abroad”

 

 

 

 

June 02, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

怒鳴る

どなる

to yell; to rant

 

Usage example:

父は弟を怒鳴りました。

My father shouted at my younger brother.

 

Notes: 父(ちち) my father / 弟(おとうと)my younger brother

 

 

 

 

 

May 31, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

近寄る

ちかよる

to get near; approach

 

Usage example:

 

その犬に近寄らないで。

Don’t go near that dog.

 

 

 

 

 

May 27, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

防ぐ

ふせぐ

to prevent; to protect

 

A Japanese government publication begins with the words:

 

地震による家具の転倒を防ぐには

(じしん に よる かぐ の てんとう を ふせぐ に は)

In order to prevent the capsizing of furniture

 

 

Usage example:

 

事故を防ぐ (じこ を ふせぐ) to prevent accidents

蚊を防ぐ (か を ふせぐ) to ward off mosquitoes

子供を誘拐から防ぐ (こども を ゆうかい から ふせぐ) to protect children from kidnapping

 

 

 

 

May 26, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

味わう

あじわう

to taste; to appreciate

This word is applies to all sorts of things that could be enjoyed, appreciated, or savored. Often the object is something non-physical. For example, one product targeted at Japanese-speaking students of English makes the following invitation:

 

ナマのイギリス英語を味わう    Enjoy live English from England!

 

Usage examples:

 

中華料理を味わう (ちゅうか を あきわう) to savor/appreciate Chinese cuisine

初夏を味わう (しょか を あじわう) to enjoy early summer 

 

 

 

 

May 10, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

暴れる

あばれる

to fret; behave violently

 

The ON reading of his kanji includes numerous words associated with violence, including:

 

暴力 (ぼうりょく) violence

暴行 (ぼうこう) act of violence

暴君 (ぼうくん) tyrant

暴利 (ぼうり) excessive profits

 

 

May 3, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

物価

ぶっか

prices; commodity prices

 

Related words and expressions: 

 

物価上昇 (ぶっか じょうしょう) rise in prices

物価の地域差 (ぶっか の ちいきさ) regional price differences

物価下落 (ぶっか げらく) a fall in prices

物価の動き (ぶっか の うごき) price movements/fluctuations

物価の動向 (ぶっか の どうこう) price trends

小売物価 (こうり ぶっか) retail prices

物価統計 (ぶっか とうけい) price statistics

消費者物価 (しょうひしゃ ぶっか) consumer prices

消費者物価指数 (しょうひしゃ ぶっか しすう) consumer price index 

 

 

 

April 26, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

制裁

せいさい

sanctions

 

Related words and expressions: 

追加制裁 (ついか せいさい) additional sanctions

経済制裁 (けいざい せいさい) economic sanctions

制裁措置 (せいさい そち) sanction measures

制裁強化 (せいさい きょか) strengthening of sanctions

 

 

 

April 20, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

売上

うりあげ

sales

Related word: 

売上高 (うりあげだか) sales volume; sales results

 

Usage Example:

日本マクドナルドの3月29日の全店売上高が26億4千万円となり、1日の売上高の過去最高を更新した。 -Asahi Shimbun

 

Supplemental Vocabulary:

 

 

 

 

 

April 16, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

地震

じしん

earthquake

 

Related words and expressions: 

地震の震度 (じしん の しんど)magnitude of an earthquake

地震被害 (じしん ひがい) earthquake damage

地震情報 (じしん じょうほう) earthquake information

地震速報 (じしん そくほう) urgent earthquake report

地震の規模 (じしん の きぼ) scale/scope of an earthquake

地震発生後瞬時に (じしん はっせいご しゅんじ に) in the moments right after an earthquake

 

 

 

April 13, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

大統領

だいとうりょう

president

In English, the word “president” refers to the president of a nation as well as the president of a country. There are two separate words in Japanese. Whereas means “the president of a country,” the president of a company is 社長(しゃちょう).

 

 

 

 

April 12, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

株式市場

かぶしき しじょう
 

stock market

 

Derivative words:

 

株価(かぶか) share prices

東京株式市場(とうきょう かぶしき しじょう) Tokyo stock market

 

 

 

 

April 08, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

貧困

ひんこん

poverty

 

Usage Example:

This statement comes from the Japanese branch of Oxfam:

 

世界には、貧困の中で生きている人たちがたくさんいます。

There are many people in the world living in poverty.

 

Related words and expressions:

 

貧困地区 (ひんこん ちく) impoverished region

貧困率 (ひんこんりつ) poverty rate

貧困問題 (ひんこん もんだい) the problem of poverty

貧困層 (ひんこん そう) impoverished class

貧困児童 (ひんこん じどう) impoverished children

 

 

 

 

April 07, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

ID盗難

アイ・ディー とうなん

identity theft

 

Related words and expressions:

 

ID盗難数 (アイ・ディー とうなん すう) the number of identity theft cases

ID盗難事件 (アイ・ディー とうなん じけん) an incident of identity theft

ID盗難対策法 (アイ・ディー とうなん たいさく ほう) anti-identity theft bill

ID盗難犯罪 (アイ・ディー とうなん はんざい)the crime of identity theft

ID盗難の被害 (アイ・ディー とうなん の ひがい) damages from identity theft

ID盗難の脅威 (アイ・ディー とうなん の きょうい) the threat of identity theft

 

 

 

 

April 06, 2009

WORD OF THE DAY

共同

きょうどう

joint; cooperative

 

Related words:

 

共同経営 (きょうどう けんきゅう) joint management

共同出資する (きょうどう しゅっぴ する) to jointly spend

共同研究 (きょうどう けんきゅう) joint research

共同管理 (きょうどう かんり) joint control

共同責任 (きょうどう せきにん) joint liability

共同声明 (きょうどう せいめい) joint statement

 

Usage Example:

In this excerpt from a business article, Toshiba announces plans to completely spin off a company called Toshiba Matsushita Display Technology. 

東芝は、パナソニックと共同出資する中小型液晶パネルメーカーの東芝松下ディスプレイテクノロジー(TMD)を完全子会社化する方針を固めた。 -Mainichi Shimbun

 

Supplemental Vocabulary:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

More about Japanese corporations

 

Here is an example that I culled out of a business textbook, for those of you who are interested in Japanese corporate life.  

The excerpt describes the successes that the Japanese economy experienced in the postwar era, including the successful weathering of two oil shocks: 

第二次大戦後、日本は奇跡的ともいえる高度成長を遂げ、経済大国と呼ばれるまでになったが、その成長を支えた主役は企業であった。その後、日本は二度のオイル・ショックも見事に乗り切り、その強さがあらためて認識された。 (continue...)

 

Word Focus:

失敗 

Sometimes you fail, and that is exactly what the word失敗(しっぱい), or “failure” is all about. The following excerpt discusses the failure of a civilian rocket that was launched (and subsequently crashed) in New Mexico: (continue...)

表面化する

The word  表面 = surface. And the suffix conveys the idea of becoming something. When you add 表面 and and then make this combination a Sino-Japanese verb with the addition of する, the result is 表面化する, which means to come to the surface.   (continue...)

Having a High Head:

 

頭が高い

zu ga takai

 

There are times when you are better off to quit when you're ahead, because a situation or a person is very difficult to handle. Seki no yama 関の山 describes a situation in which even the best effort will result in either a maintenance of the status quo, or possibly a deterioration in conditions: (continue...)

 

 

 
   
   

Japanese Compound Words

Japanese Business Vocabulary On CD-R

Why You Need a Foreign Language and How to Learn One

Modern Japanese Vocabulary: A Guide for 21st Century Students

Tigers, Devils, and Fools: A Guide to Japanese Proverbs

 

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